What is a Conflict of Interest?
A Conflict of Interest arises when an individual or organization has multiple interests, and serving one interest could work against or compromise the integrity of another. In business, finance, and governance, it typically occurs when personal, financial, or professional interests may interfere with the duty to act in the best interests of a client, organization, or the public.

Types of Conflicts of Interest
1. Personal vs. Professional An employee or executive stands to benefit personally from a decision made in their professional role. Example: A manager awards a contract to a company owned by a family member.
2. Client vs. Client A professional serves two clients whose interests conflict with one another. Example: A financial advisor represents two clients bidding for the same asset.
3. Self-Dealing When someone in a position of trust exploits their role for personal gain. Example: A board member invests in a business decision they personally benefit from.
4. Insider Information Using privileged information gained through one role for advantage in another. Example: A company insider trades shares based on confidential business developments.

Identifying and Disclosing Conflicts
Self-Awareness: Individuals should assess if their decisions could be influenced by external interests.
Transparency: Disclose any potential conflicts to affected parties or supervisors.
Policies and Procedures: Organizations should have clear guidelines to detect, report, and manage conflicts.